100-490 Practice Questions

Questions no : 12 Verified Answer: =

B. switch-to-router,

E. switch-to-server

Explanation:Comprehensive and Detailed Step by Step Explanation: = RJ-45 straight-through cables

are used to connect different types of devices in a network. The standard practice is to use straight-

through cables for connections that are unlike to each other, such as:

Switch-to-Router: A switch connects devices within a network by using MAC addresses to forward

data to the correct destination. A router, on the other hand, connects multiple networks and uses IP

addresses to determine the best path for the data packets. Connecting a switch to a router requires a

straight-through cable because they are different types of devices12.

Switch-to-Server: Servers are the powerful computers that provide resources, data, services, or

programs to the client machines in the network. When connecting a switch to a server, a straight-

through cable is used because the switch and the server are different types of devices with different

functions within the network12.

Reference := Guru99, TheTechMentor

The decompressed form of Cisco IOS Software and the running configuration are stored in DRAM

(Dynamic Random-Access Memory) on Cisco devices. DRAM is used as the main memory for the

device, where the operating system runs and the running configuration is stored. When a Cisco

device boots up, the IOS image is decompressed and loaded into DRAM, and the running

configuration is also held in this memory type. It’s important to note that DRAM is volatile memory,

which

means

its

contents

are

lost

when

the

device

is

powered

off

or

restarted12. Reference := Maintaining System Memory Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release

15M&T - Cisco, Types of memory on a Cisco device - Study-CCNA

An RJ-45 56K loopback plug is used to test the functionality of network ports, particularly for T1/56K lines. The correct loopback wiring for such a plug involves looping pins 1 and 4, as well as pins 2 and 5. This configuration allows the device to send and receive signals on the same wire pairs, effectively testing the transmit and receive paths of the port1. Reference := Loopback Tests for T1/56K Lines - Cisco

DRAM, or Dynamic Random-Access Memory, is the type of memory that is erased when a Cisco

device is rebooted. DRAM is used to store the running configuration and routing tables of the device.

Since DRAM is volatile memory, its contents are lost when the device is powered down or restarted.

This is in contrast to non-volatile memory types like flash and NVRAM, which retain their contents

even after a reboot1. Reference := Types of memory on a Cisco device - Study-CCNA

USB thumb drives (also called flash drives) serve several practical purposes in networking: File Transfer: They are excellent for transferring Cisco router or switch configuration files between the device and a PC. This allows you to back up configurations, easily restore configurations, or work with them offline. IOS Image Storage: USB thumb drives are convenient for storing and transferring Cisco IOS images, especially when you need to upgrade or recover network devices. Why other options are incorrect: to save the system log: While you might temporarily store log files on a USB drive, routers and switches generally utilize internal memory or a remote syslog server for logging purposes. to save router hardware information: Hardware inventory information obtained from commands like show inventory is often copied and pasted to text files, which can then be stored on a USB drive. However, the drive itself doesn't directly save or store this hardware information. to increase system memory: USB drives are not designed to act as additional system memory (RAM) for a router or switch.

Straight-through cables are the most common type of Ethernet cable. They're used to connect

dissimilar devices, such as a laptop to a router or a switch to a router. The internal wiring of the cable

connects the transmit pins on one end to the receive pins on the other end, and vice versa.

Crossover cables were historically necessary to connect similar devices (e.g., router to router, or

switch to switch). Modern devices often have auto MDI-X capabilities, allowing them to

automatically detect and adjust to straight-through or crossover connections as needed.

Rollover cables have a reversed pinout and are primarily used for console access into Cisco routers

and switches.

Fiber cables use fiber optic technology for high-speed, long-distance connectivity.

Reference:

Cisco Networking Academy: Introduction to Networks Course

The Cisco Nexus 3432D-S and Cisco Nexus 3408-S are part of the Cisco Nexus 3400 Series switches

that support 400-Gbps Ethernet ports. The Cisco Nexus 3432D-S is designed with 32 ports of 400G,

providing high-density and high-throughput capabilities1. The Cisco Nexus 3408-S offers flexibility

with 100G or 400G Line-Card Expansion Modules (LEMs), allowing for configurations with 32 ports of

400G2. These switches are engineered for data centers requiring high performance, low latency, and

power efficiency, with the Cisco Nexus 3432D-S offering industry-leading performance-per-watt

power efficiency at low latency1.

Reference:

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus3400s/sw/922/interfaces/

configuration/guide/b_Cisco_Nexus_3400_NX-OS_Interfaces_Configuration_Guide_922/

b_Cisco_Nexus_3400_NX-OS_Interfaces_Configuration_Guide_9z_chapter_010.html

The data link layer of the OSI model, which is Layer 2, defines how data is formatted for transmission

and controls access to the physical media. This layer is responsible for the node-to-node delivery of

data and handles error detection and correction from the physical layer. It also manages the way data

packets are sent over the network, including the framing, addressing, and flow control. The data link

layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses

(MAC addresses) and translates messages from the network layer into bits for the physical layer to

transmit

Reference:

https://itcertzone.wordpress.com/2011/01/24/the-seven-layers-of-the-osimodel/#:~:text=Layer% 202%3A%20The%20Data%20Link,reliable%20delivery%20of%20the%20data.

The commands to copy a saved configuration to RAM on Cisco devices are: copy startup-config running-config: This command is used to copy the startup configuration (saved configuration) into the running configuration (current configuration in RAM). It is typically used when you want to restore the device to a previously saved configuration after changes have been made1. copy tftp running-config: This command allows you to copy a configuration file from a TFTP server directly into the running configuration of the device. It’s useful for applying a new configuration or for restoring a configuration from a backup located on a TFTP server1. The other options listed are not valid for copying a saved configuration to RAM: copy running-config startup-config copies the current running configuration to the startup configuration, which is the opposite of what’s asked. copy running-config tftp is used to save the running configuration to a TFTP server, not to copy to RAM. copy tftp startup-config would copy a file from a TFTP server to the startup configuration, not to the running configuration in RAM. Reference := Solved: Copy config to new router - Cisco Community

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The typical physical connector used for a Gigabit Ethernet port is an RJ-45. This connector is standard

for network cabling and provides the necessary performance for Gigabit Ethernet, which is also

known as 1000BASE-T. RJ-45 connectors are used because they can support higher data rates

compared to other connectors like RJ-11 or RJ-9, which are commonly used for telephone

connections, and DB-25, which is an older serial port connector not suitable for high-speed Ethernet

connections1.

Reference

:=

2: Ethernet Alliance - The Physical Layer of Ethernet 3: Altium - Gigabit Ethernet 101: Basics to

Implementation 1: Ascent Optics - All You Need to Know About RJ45 Cables: Connectors, Interfaces,

and… 4: Hardware Secrets - Gigabit Ethernet and How it works (a 2022 Guide)