Which of the following commands can be used to disable unwanted services on Debian, Ubuntu and other Debian-based Linux distributions?

In Debian-based Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu, the update-rc.d command is used to add and

remove services from the startup sequence. To disable a service, the -f option (which stands for

‘force’) is used along with the remove parameter to remove the service from the startup sequence.

This prevents the service from starting automatically during the system boot.

Reference: The use of update-rc.d for disabling services is documented in various Linux guides and

resources. For example, Tecmint’s guide on “How to Stop and Disable Unwanted Services from Linux

System” provides a practical example of using update-rc.d -f apache2 remove to disable the Apache

service at system startup1. Additionally, the Linux Consultant website also mentions the use

of systemctl followed by the disable argument for fully disabling services2.