Which antenna type should be used for a site-to-site wireless connection?

A site-to-site wireless connection is a fixed, point-to-point link that requires a directional antenna to focus radio frequency (RF) energy in a narrow beam between the two locations. The Yagi-Uda antenna, or Yagi, is a high-gain, highly directional antenna. Its design concentrates the signal in a specific direction, which is ideal for maximizing range and signal strength over the long distances typical of site-to-site bridging applications while minimizing interference from other sources.

A. omnidirectional: An omnidirectional antenna radiates the signal in a 360-degree pattern, which is inefficient and unsuitable for a focused, long-distance point-to-point link.

B. patch: While a patch antenna is directional, it typically has a wider beamwidth and lower gain than a Yagi, making it better suited for sectorized coverage over shorter distances, not long-range bridging.

C. dipole: A standard dipole antenna provides an omnidirectional radiation pattern (donut-shaped), similar to an omnidirectional antenna, and lacks the focus required for a site-to-site connection.

1. Cisco Systems

Inc.

Cisco Aironet Antennas and Accessories Reference Guide. In the "Directional Antennas" section

Yagi antennas are explicitly recommended for bridging applications. The guide states

"Yagi antennas are directional and are used for point-to-point applications... They are typically used for bridging between two buildings." This document also describes omnidirectional antennas for "360-degree coverage" and patch antennas for "covering a particular sector."

2. Balanis

C. A. (2016). Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design (4th ed.). Wiley. Chapter 10

"Yagi-Uda Arrays

" details the high-gain and directive properties of this antenna type

making it suitable for long-distance

point-to-point communication. In contrast

Chapter 4 describes the omnidirectional properties of dipoles.

3. Kurose

J. F.

& Ross

K. W. (2021). Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (8th ed.). Pearson. In Chapter 7

"Wireless and Mobile Networks

" the text differentiates between omnidirectional antennas for broadcast-like coverage and directional antennas for point-to-point links

citing Yagi antennas as a common example of the latter.