If an employer does not utilize testing for drug impairment it should:

The foundation of any effective drug-free workplace program is a formal, written policy. Even without drug testing, a policy that explicitly prohibits the presence of detectable illegal drugs in an employee's system while on duty establishes clear expectations and a legal basis for disciplinary action. This policy serves as the primary tool for managing substance abuse issues through other means, such as supervisory observation and for-cause actions, and communicates the organization's commitment to a safe and productive environment.

A. "Discouraging" use is a vague goal, not an enforceable action. A formal policy is the mechanism that officially discourages and prohibits the behavior.

C. Reporting mere suspicion of impairment to law enforcement is an extreme step, often inappropriate, and can expose the employer to significant legal liability.

D. An Employee Assistance Program (EAP) is a valuable supportive component, but it is not a substitute for a foundational policy that prohibits the conduct in the first place.

1. ASIS International

Protection of Assets (POA)

Security Management. Alexandria

VA: ASIS International

2021.

In the chapter on "Substance Abuse in the Workplace

" the text emphasizes that the first and most critical element of a substance abuse program is a clear

written policy. The policy must state what is prohibited

who is covered

and the consequences of violation. This principle holds true regardless of the testing methods employed.

2. Fischer

R. J.

Halibozek

E.

& Walters

D. C. Introduction to Security

10th Edition. Butterworth-Heinemann

2019.

Chapter 11

"An Introduction to Personnel Security

" discusses the importance of policies governing employee conduct. It states that a comprehensive substance abuse program begins with a formal policy statement that clearly prohibits the use

possession

or being under the influence of illegal drugs in the workplace. This policy is the cornerstone that enables all other program elements. (This text is widely used in university security management programs and aligns with ASIS principles).

3. U.S. Department of Labor

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). "Drug-Free Workplace Toolkit."

While a government source

its principles are universally adopted and taught within the CPP domain. Section 1

"The Basics of a Drug-Free Workplace Program

" states

"A written policy is the foundation of a drug-free workplace program." It is presented as the essential first step before implementing other components like employee education or assistance programs.