Which of the following would be an example of an "objective" privacy harm to an individual?

Option A: Receiving spam is a negative outcome but is often considered more of an inconvenience

than an objective harm.

Option B: Negative feelings from surveillance are subjective because they pertain to personal

emotions rather than measurable impacts.

Option C: Social media profile views are again more subjective unless they lead to measurable

negative consequences.

Option D: Inaccuracies in personal data are objective because they can lead to concrete and

measurable harms such as financial loss, wrongful decisions, or incorrect profiling.

Reference:

IAPP CIPT Study Guide

Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) frameworks discussing objective vs. subjective harm