Which of the following architectures are likely to be found entirely on-premises and less likely to suffer from Internet-based network performance challenges? i Mobile ii Multi-tier System in. Single Computer iv. Distributed v. Dynamic

The question seeks architectures that are typically deployed entirely on-premises and are therefore less affected by internet-based network performance issues. A Single Computer (iii) system runs all its components on one machine, making it inherently on-premises and independent of external networks. A Multi-tier System (ii) can be fully deployed within a corporate data center, with all tiers communicating over a fast, reliable local area network (LAN). In such a configuration, its performance is not subject to the variability of public internet connectivity. These two architectures are the most likely to meet the specified criteria.

i. Mobile: Mobile applications are defined by their use on mobile devices, which almost always rely on variable-quality wireless networks (cellular, Wi-Fi) connected to the internet.
iv. Distributed: While a distributed system can exist on a LAN, the architecture is fundamentally characterized by communication over a network, making it susceptible to network issues, which are magnified over the internet where many modern distributed systems operate.
v. Dynamic: This term typically refers to dynamic, elastic, and scalable architectures, which are hallmarks of cloud computing. Cloud-based systems are accessed over the internet and are subject to its performance challenges.

1. ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Performance Testing Syllabus Version 1.0 (2018), Section 2.2, "Architectural Considerations."

Section 2.2.1 (Single-Tier): Describes this architecture as running on a single computer, where performance is related to hardware, not external networks. This supports option (iii).

Section 2.2.3 (Multi-Tier): Notes that these systems can be deployed on-premises, with performance depending on the communication between tiers. On-premises deployment isolates this from internet issues, supporting option (ii).

Section 2.2.5 (Mobile Applications): States that mobile app performance is "heavily influenced by network conditions" as they communicate with backend services over wireless networks. This refutes option (i).

Section 2.2.6 (Dynamic and Cloud-Based Architectures): Directly links dynamic architectures to cloud computing, where performance is affected by "internet connectivity." This refutes option (v).

2. Tanenbaum, A. S., & Van Steen, M. (2017). Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms (3rd ed.).

Chapter 1: Defines distributed systems as autonomous computers connected through a network. The text extensively covers the challenges of network latency, bandwidth, and reliability, which are primary concerns for internet-based systems. This context supports the reasoning for refuting option (iv) as being "less likely" to be immune to such issues.