802.11k Neighbor Requests and Neighbor Reports are sent in what type of Management Frames?

The 802.11k amendment, which specifies Radio Resource Measurement (RRM), utilizes Action frames to exchange information between a client station and an Access Point. The Neighbor Request and Neighbor Report messages are specific types of RRM communications. The 802.11 standard defines a "Radio Measurement" category (Category code 5) for Action frames, which encapsulates these requests and reports. This mechanism allows for on-demand information exchange without altering fundamental frame types like Beacons or Association frames.

A. RRM (Radio Resource Management) is the name of the feature set defined in the 802.11k amendment, not a specific type of 802.11 management frame.

C. Beacon frames advertise network capabilities, including RRM support, but they do not carry the specific Neighbor Request or Neighbor Report messages.

D. Reassociation frames are used when a client roams between APs. While 802.11k information facilitates this process, the requests and reports are exchanged separately via Action frames.

1. Coleman, D. D., Westcott, D. A., & Harkins, D. (2021). Certified Wireless Analysis Professional (CWAP) Official Study Guide (CWAP-404). Wiley. In Chapter 10, "WLAN Frame Analysis," the text explains that Action frames are used for extended management capabilities, explicitly mentioning Radio Resource Management (802.11k).

2. IEEE Std 802.11™-2020. (2020). IEEE Standard for Information Technology--Telecommunications and Information Exchange between Systems Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Specific Requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications.

Section 9.6.8, "Radio Measurement Action frames," details the use of Action frames for RRM.

Table 9-433, "Radio Measurement Action field values," explicitly lists "Neighbor Report Request" (value 4) and "Neighbor Report Response" (value 5) as actions within this frame category.