Which of the following protocols are used to provide secure communication between a client and a server over the Internet? Each correct answer…

Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. They establish an encrypted channel between a client and a server, ensuring data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. These protocols are widely used to secure web traffic (as HTTPS), email, and other data transfers. While SSL versions are now deprecated due to security vulnerabilities, TLS is the current industry standard for securing communications at the transport layer.

B. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed information systems. By itself, it transmits data in plaintext and is not secure.

D. SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used for managing devices on IP networks. While SNMPv3 adds security, its primary purpose is network management, not general-purpose secure communication.

1. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (2019). Special Publication 800-52 Revision 2: Guidelines for the Selection

Configuration

and Use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) Implementations. Section 1

Page 1. "Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a protocol that provides security for communications over the Internet... TLS secures communications by using cryptography and authentication."

2. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). (2018). RFC 8446: The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3. Abstract. "This document specifies version 1.3 of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. TLS provides a secure channel between two peers..."

3. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). (2011). RFC 6101: The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Protocol Version 3.0. Abstract. "This document specifies Version 3.0 of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol

a security protocol that provides communications privacy over the Internet."

4. Saltzer

J. H.

& Kaashoek

M. F. (2009). Principles of Computer System Design: An Introduction. MIT OCW. Chapter 11: "Communications

" Section 11.5.2 "Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security

" describes SSL and TLS as protocols that create a secure channel for application protocols like HTTP.