The equipment manufacturer can usually be judged according to the following ().

Network equipment manufacturers can be reliably identified using the MAC (Media Access Control) address. A standard IEEE 802 MAC address consists of 48 bits (6 octets). The first 24 bits (3 octets) constitute the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), which is assigned exclusively to vendor companies by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). By querying the OUI database against the initial 3 bytes of a device's MAC address, network management systems, security tools, and administrators can determine the hardware manufacturer (e.g., Huawei, Cisco, Apple) regardless of configured service names or network topologies.

A. SSID is a user-defined network name and does not indicate the hardware vendor of the AP or client device.
C. Encryption type (such as WPA2 or WPA3) is a standard security protocol used across all manufacturers' equipment.
D. Channel refers to the radio frequency band used for wireless transmission and is vendor-independent.

- IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and Architecture, IEEE Std 802-2014, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2014.6847097.

- Huawei HCIA-WLAN V3.0 Training Materials, "Module 1: WLAN Basics and 802.11 Protocol Framework," Section 1.4 "802.11 Frame Structure and Addressing," pp. 30-34, 2021.