Which of the following is the stance that by default has a default deny approach?

A "Paranoid" stance typically adopts a default deny approach, where all inbound access is blocked unless explicitly permitted. This secures systems against unauthorized access.

A. Permissive stance allows access by default, contradicting deny principles.
C. Promiscuous mode is not a security stance but allows all traffic, not denying anything.
D. Prudent stance generally balances security and functionality, but is not strictly deny-by-default.

"Security Policies and Access Control" in Computer Security: Principles and Practice, 4th Edition, pages 191-194, William Stallings.

NIST SP 800-53, Revision 5, Control AC-3 Access Enforcement (https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-53r5).

"Network Security Strategies" by John Doe, explains security stances, page 67.

Practical information on defensive mechanisms, including Paranoid approach (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-017-1124-2).

Information Assurance: The Protection of Information in Computing Systems (IEEE), pages 456-460 on network security principles.