A company is building a serverless application to process clickstream data from its website. The clickstream data is sent to an Amazon Kinesis Data…

This solution provides a highly available and serverless architecture that meets all requirements. An AWS Lambda function is triggered by records in the Kinesis Data Stream. This function can connect to the Amazon Aurora database to fetch customer data, enrich the incoming clickstream records, and then write the resulting enriched data to an Amazon S3 bucket. Amazon Redshift Spectrum can then be used to directly query this structured data in S3 without needing to load it into Redshift storage, fulfilling the analysis requirement. This entire pipeline (Kinesis, Lambda, S3, Redshift Spectrum) is composed of managed, highly available services, aligning with the problem's constraints.

B: EC2 Spot Instances are not suitable for highly available workloads as they can be terminated with short notice, violating a core requirement. The solution is also not serverless.

C: Fargate Spot capacity, similar to EC2 Spot, is for fault-tolerant workloads and is not appropriate for a highly available solution. This option also introduces unnecessary complexity.

D: This option fails to perform the critical data enrichment step. It only loads raw data to S3 and uses Amazon Athena for analysis, not Amazon Redshift as required.

1. AWS Lambda with Kinesis: The AWS Lambda Developer Guide explains how to use Lambda to process records from an Amazon Kinesis data stream. This is a common serverless pattern for real-time stream processing.

Source: AWS Lambda Developer Guide

"Using AWS Lambda with Amazon Kinesis"

Section: "Creating a Kinesis consumer".

2. Lambda Accessing Aurora: To enrich data from Aurora

the Lambda function must be configured to access resources in the same VPC as the database.

Source: AWS Lambda Developer Guide

"Configuring a Lambda function to access resources in a VPC".

3. Amazon Redshift Spectrum: The Amazon Redshift Database Developer Guide details how Redshift Spectrum enables querying data directly from files on Amazon S3

which is the final step in the correct architecture.

Source: Amazon Redshift Database Developer Guide

"Getting started with Amazon Redshift Spectrum".

4. EC2 Spot Instances: The Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances explicitly states that Spot Instances are for fault-tolerant and flexible applications and can be interrupted.

Source: Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances

"Spot Instances"

Section: "What is a Spot Instance?".