Which problem is solved by DijkStra’s shortest path algorithm?

Dijkstra's algorithm solves the single-source shortest path problem for a weighted, directed graph where all edge weights are non-negative. The problem of finding the most fuel-efficient flight path can be modeled as a graph where positions (cities, airports) are nodes (vertices) and the routes between them are edges. The fuel cost for each route is the edge weight. Dijkstra's algorithm is used to find the path with the minimum total weight (lowest fuel consumption) from a starting position to all other positions.

A. Given an increasing array of numbers is the number 19 in the array?: This is a search problem in a sorted list, best solved by a binary search algorithm.

C. Given two newspaper articles what is the greatest sequence of words shared by both articles?: This is the longest common subsequence problem, which is solved using dynamic programming.

D. Given an alphabetized list of face entrants and a person's name, is the person entered in the race?: This is another search problem in a sorted list, for which binary search is the optimal solution.

1. Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., & Stein, C. (2009). Introduction to Algorithms (3rd ed.). MIT Press. (Chapter 24, "Single-Source Shortest Paths," Section 24.3, is dedicated to Dijkstra's algorithm and its applications).

2. Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1, 269–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01386390 (The original academic paper that introduced the algorithm).

3. Sedgewick, R., & Wayne, K. (2011). Algorithms (4th ed.). Addison-Wesley Professional. (Section 4.4, "Shortest Paths," details the implementation and application of Dijkstra's algorithm for problems like finding the shortest route in a transportation network).