When you want to first apply a filter and THEN show the Top N or Bottom N elements, which of the following filters would you use?

By default, all filters that you set in Tableau are computed independently. That is, each filter accesses

all rows in your data source without regard to other filters. However, you can set one or more

categorical filters as context filters for the view. You can think of a context filter as being an

independent filter. Any other filters that you set are defined as dependent filters because they

process only the data that passes through the context filter.

You may create a context filter to:

1) Improve performance – If you set a lot of filters or have a large data source, the queries can be

slow. You can set one or more context filters to improve performance.

2) Create a dependent numerical or top N filter – You can set a context filter to include only the data

of interest, and then set a numerical or a top N filter.

Reference: https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/filtering_context.htm