What is a characteristic of gain in wireless antenna design?

Antenna gain is the measure, in dBi or dBd, of how effectively an antenna concentrates radiated energy in a given direction compared with an isotropic radiator, thereby increasing effective radiated power without adding transmitter output.

A. System loss is expressed in dB, not called gain.

B. Checksums relate to data integrity, unrelated to antenna physics.

D. Temperature tolerance is an environmental spec, not gain.

1. Cisco Antenna Fundamentals—RF Basics, Doc ID 13621, Section “Gain,” bullets 1-3.

2. Kraus, J.D., “Antennas,” McGraw-Hill, 3rd ed., Chapter 2.4, pp. 48-49 (gain definition).