In relation to cost of quality, which of the following would be classified as a cost of detection? SELECT ONE OPTION

In the Cost of Quality (CoQ) framework, costs are divided into conformance and non-conformance. The cost of conformance includes prevention and detection (or appraisal) costs. Detection costs are incurred to discover defects before the product is released to the customer. Designing test cases, writing test scripts, reviewing requirements, and executing tests are all appraisal activities aimed at detecting issues. Therefore, designing test cases is a direct cost of detection.

A. Correcting errors found during a review is classified as an internal failure cost (cost of non-conformance), not a detection cost.
B. Fixing defects found during unit testing is also classified as an internal failure cost, as it involves rework.
C. Training developers is a prevention cost, aimed at stopping defects from being introduced into the software in the first place.

1. ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus - Test Manager (v3.0), Chapter 1: Testing Process, Section 1.10.2 Cost of Quality, pp. 22-23.

2. Juran, J. M., & Godfrey, A. B. (1999). Juran's Quality Handbook (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill. (Foundational text for Cost of Quality models used in ISTQB).