Among the following options, the process initiated by the loT device has ()? (Multiple choice)

In an IoT architecture, processes initiated by the device and directed towards the platform are known as southbound communications. The Southbound Registration Process is when a device first connects and identifies itself to the platform. The Southbound message escalation process refers to the device sending data, such as sensor readings or alerts, up to the platform. Both are initiated by the end device. In contrast, control messages and business issuance typically flow from the platform or application down to the device (northbound).

B. The business issuance process is typically initiated by a northbound application to provision services or configure devices via the platform.
C. The control message delivery process is initiated by the platform or an application to send commands down to the device.

1. Huawei. (2019). Huawei IoT Connection Management Platform Device Integration Guide. Section "Device Access Process," which details the device-initiated registration and data reporting flows.

2. Huawei Developer. (n.d.). IoT Device Access Service Documentation. Section "Device-Platform Communication," illustrating the message flow for device-initiated reporting versus platform-initiated command delivery.