What does ISO 45001 say are the hazards that have to be considered when planning a health and safety management system? Select the ONE best

ISO 45001:2018, Clause 6.1.2.1 "Hazard identification," mandates a comprehensive approach to identifying hazards. The standard requires the organization to consider not only traditional physical hazards from work activities but also how work is organized, social factors (including workload, work hours, bullying, and harassment), human factors, and the design of work areas and processes. Option A is the only choice that accurately captures this broad scope, specifically including work activities, workplace design, and the crucial psychosocial and human factors that are a key emphasis of the ISO 45001 standard.

B. This option is too vague. While hazards do present a "possibility of danger," the standard requires a much more systematic and detailed consideration of specific categories of hazards.
C. This lists specific examples of high-risk activities. The standard requires the organization to consider broad categories of hazards during planning, not just a predefined list of specific tasks.
D. This option is incomplete. While "bad weather" is a valid external factor to consider, this choice omits the critical internal elements like work organization, social factors, and human factors required by the standard.

1. ISO 45001:2018, Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for use.

Clause 6.1.2.1 Hazard identification: This clause states the process shall take into account, among other things: "a) how work is organized, social factors (including workload, work hours, victimization, harassment and bullying), leadership and the culture in the organization;" "b) human factors;" and "f) other issues, including consideration of: 1) the design of work areas, processes, installations, machinery/equipment, operating procedures and work organization...". This directly supports all elements of option A.

2. PECB. (2021). ISO 45001 Lead Auditor Training Course Material.

Module: Planning (Clause 6), Section: Hazard Identification: The official PECB training materials emphasize that ISO 45001 expands the scope of hazard identification beyond traditional safety issues to include psychosocial risks. The courseware explicitly details the need to analyze work organization, social factors like bullying, and human factors as integral parts of the planning process, aligning directly with option A.

3. Górny, A. (2021). Risk Assessment in the ISO 45001:2018 Standard—New Opportunities or Threats?. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5673.

Section 3.2. Hazard Identification: This academic paper discusses the novel aspects of ISO 45001, stating, "The standard also draws attention to new areas of hazard identification, such as... how work is organized, social factors (including workload, work hours, victimization, harassment and bullying), leadership and the culture in the organization... [and] human factors" (p. 5). This peer-reviewed analysis confirms the comprehensive nature of hazard identification required by the standard, as described in option A. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115673