By default, how often are VRRP-E hello messages sent from the master?

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol-Extended (VRRP-E) is a RUCKUS proprietary protocol that provides router redundancy. The master router in a VRRP-E group periodically sends "hello" messages (advertisements) to inform backup routers of its operational status. By default, the master router sends these hello messages every 1 second. This interval allows backup routers to quickly detect a failure if they do not receive a hello message within the configured dead interval, which defaults to 3 seconds.

A. every 5 seconds: This is an incorrect value; the default hello interval is 1 second, not 5.

B. every 3 seconds: This is the default dead interval, the time a backup router waits before assuming the master is down. It is not the hello message frequency.

D. every 60 seconds: This interval is far too long for a high-availability protocol and is not the default VRRP-E hello timer.

1. Ruckus FastIron Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide, 08.0.95, Chapter 1: "Configuring VRRP and VRRP-E", Section: "VRRP-E timers", Page 20.

The document states, "The master router in a VRRP-E group sends hello messages to the backup routers in the group at a default interval of 1 second." It also clarifies, "The backup routers expect to receive a hello message from the master router within the dead interval. The default dead interval is 3 seconds."