For a typical inspection program, if excessive inspection is applied then,

Excessive inspection can be counterproductive and may increase the overall risk. Invasive inspections, such as frequent vessel entries, can introduce new risks like damage to internal linings, improper reassembly of components, or introducing contaminants. Furthermore, the personnel performing the inspection are exposed to potential hazards (e.g., confined space entry, working at heights). Misallocating resources to inspect low-risk equipment excessively can also divert attention and funds from higher-risk assets, thereby increasing the total facility risk. The goal of an inspection program is to manage risk effectively, not to perform the maximum number of inspections.

B. While the goal of inspection is to lower risk, "excessive" inspection has diminishing returns and can introduce new hazards, making this option incorrect in this context.
C. Any activity, including excessive inspection, has an impact. It either introduces new risks or, at a minimum, represents a misallocation of resources, affecting overall risk.

1. API Recommended Practice 580, Risk-Based Inspection, Third Edition, February 2016, Section 11.3.1, states: "Excessive or unnecessary inspection activities may not be cost-effective and may even increase risk to personnel from the inspection activity itself (e.g. confined space entry)."

2. Hopkins, P. (2007). API 580 Risk-Based Inspection: A Course for API 580 Certification. ASME Press. Chapter 1 discusses the principle that RBI optimizes inspection to manage risk, implying that non-optimal (excessive) inspection can be detrimental.