Which of the following are typical environmental considerations throughout the contract life cycle? Select the TWO that apply.

The question specifically asks for environmental considerations within the contract life cycle. Environmental sustainability focuses on the impact of organisational activities on the natural world. Waste management (minimising waste, promoting recycling, and ensuring responsible disposal) and pollution control (preventing contamination of air, water, and land) are core components of this pillar. These factors must be considered from the initial needs assessment and specification stage, through supplier selection and performance management, to the end-of-life or disposal phase of the contract.

A. Modern slavery: This is a critical social and ethical consideration, focusing on human rights and labour practices, not the natural environment.
B. Health and safety: This is primarily a social consideration, concerned with protecting the well-being of employees and the public from harm.
C. Inequality: This is a social and economic consideration related to fair treatment, diversity, and equitable opportunities within the supply chain.

1. Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply. (2018). CIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply

L4M2: Defining Business Need Study Guide. Profex Publishing.

Page 134

Section 2.1

'The Environmental Pillar': This section explicitly lists "waste" and "pollution" as key issues under the environmental pillar of sustainability.

Page 136

Section 2.2

'The Social Pillar': This section categorises "health and safety

" "working conditions

" "human rights" (which includes modern slavery)

and "equality and diversity" (related to inequality) as social sustainability issues

distinct from environmental ones.

2. ISO 20400:2017. Sustainable procurement — Guidance. International Organization for Standardization.

Section 6.4

'Core subjects and issues of social responsibility': This standard

which provides guidance on sustainable procurement

clearly distinguishes between environmental issues and social issues. Annex A provides a detailed mapping

listing "Pollution prevention" and "Sustainable resource use" (which encompasses waste management) under 'The environment' core subject. It lists "Human rights" and "Labour practices" (which include modern slavery

health and safety

and inequality) under separate social core subjects.

3. Walker

H.

& Brammer

S. (2012). The role of supply chain leadership in the learning of sustainable procurement. Journal of Cleaner Production

28

42-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.10.029

Page 45

Table 1: This academic paper categorises supplier assessment criteria for sustainability. It lists "Waste reduction programmes" and "Pollution targets" under 'Environmental criteria'

while "Health and safety management systems" and "Equal opportunities policy" are listed under 'Social criteria'.