Which of the following is NOT a crucial ingredient when leading a digital transformation?

Digital transformation requires shifting organizational mindsets from traditional bureaucratic models to adaptable, human-centric practices. Key leadership capabilities driving successful transformation often center on core interpersonal attributes: Collaboration across silos, Curiosity to continuously explore new technologies and processes, and Courage to challenge legacy norms and embrace calculated risks. In contrast, "Command"—rooted in traditional command-and-control management—relies on top-down directives, strict hierarchy, and micro-management. This style stifles innovation, reduces employee engagement, creates friction, and directly opposes the core principles of DevOps, Lean, and Agile. Therefore, command is an anti-pattern rather than a crucial ingredient for leading a modern digital transformation.

Option A: Collaboration is a vital leadership trait that breaks down functional silos between development, operations, and business stakeholders.
Option C: Curiosity drives continuous learning, experimentation, and exploratory problem-solving necessary to navigate evolving technology landscapes.
Option D: Courage enables leaders to make difficult decisions, empower autonomous teams, and dismantle deeply entrenched legacy practices.

Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). Leading Digital: Turning Technology into Business Transformation. Harvard Business Review Press. Chapter 8: Driving Cultural Change, pp. 165–172.

AXELOS (2019). ITIL Foundation: ITIL 4 Edition. TSO (The Stationery Office). Chapter 3: The Seven Guiding Principles – Collaborate and promote visibility, pp. 41–44.

Harvard Business School (2019). Digital Transformation: Leadership and Organizational Alignment. HBS Case Study Courseware, Section: Leadership Behaviors in Agile Transformation, pp. 12–15.