Which of the following are narrative methods of appraisal that require managers to describe the employee's performance? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose three.

Narrative performance appraisal methods rely on written descriptions of an employee's performance rather than numerical ratings. The essay review requires a manager to write a statement about the employee's performance. The critical incident review involves documenting specific examples of highly effective or ineffective job behaviors. The field review method involves an HR specialist interviewing the supervisor and compiling a narrative report based on that conversation. All three methods produce a qualitative, descriptive record of performance.

A. Daily review: This describes the frequency of feedback or observation, not a formal appraisal method itself. It is a component of performance management but not a distinct narrative technique.

1. DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000085 (This review article discusses various appraisal formats, including narrative methods like essays and critical incidents).

2. Cascio, W. F. (2019). Managing human resources: Productivity, quality of work life, profits (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. (Chapter 8, "Performance Management and Appraisal," details various appraisal methods, including essay, critical incident, and field review as narrative/qualitative approaches).

3. Snell, S., Morris, S., & Bohlander, G. W. (2016). Managing human resources (17th ed.). Cengage Learning. (See Chapter 8, "Performance Management," section on Performance Appraisal Methods, which describes essay, critical incident, and field review methods).